记录此篇的目的，是因为每次重新装一个ubuntu的系统，都需要经历这些基本的初始化步骤，每次都到处在网上找博客，虽然很容易找到，但还是想自己记录下来，避免以后到处百度。
想要安装软件的第一步就是要将软件源改为国内的，否则很多软件无法下载
Ubuntu将软件源改为国内源
- 备份原始文件
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
- 修改文件并添加国内源
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
清空并添加下面这些国内常用软件源
#清华的源（推荐）
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
#阿里云
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#网易163
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
- 更新源
sudo apt-get update
- 更新软件(可选，非必需)
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get upgrade
安装五笔输入法
实在用不惯自带的拼音输入法，所以每次重装系统第一件事就是装五笔输入法.
由于上面的国内源已经设置好了,所以这步会比较顺利. 否则会各种下不下来.
这里用的ibus，个人觉得比较好用
sudo apt-get install ibus ibus-table ibus-table-wubi
重启一下输入法
ibus-daemon -drx
打开设置对话框
ibus-setup
还是不生效的话记得注销或重启.
Ubuntu使xshell能连接
- 安装ssh服务器
sudo apt-get install openssh-server - 重启ssh服务
sudo service ssh restart